{"id":2424,"date":"2020-11-26T05:42:12","date_gmt":"2020-11-26T05:42:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/?p=2424"},"modified":"2025-08-28T04:52:54","modified_gmt":"2025-08-28T04:52:54","slug":"how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/","title":{"rendered":"How To Set Default Charset to UTF-8 Encoding in Apache"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>By default, Apache uses iso-8859-1 character encoding that represents the first 256 unicode characters. If your website needs to display international characters, then you need to change Apache character encoding to UTF-8. Otherwise, these characters will appear as unidentifiable symbols. In this article, we will look at how to set default charset to UTF-8 encoding in Apache using .htaccess.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#What_is_Charset_in_Apache_Server\" >What is Charset in Apache Server<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#Why_Set_Default_Charset_to_UTF-8\" >Why Set Default Charset to UTF-8<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#How_To_Set_Default_Charset_to_UTF-8_Encoding_in_Apache\" >How To Set Default Charset to UTF-8 Encoding in Apache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#1_Open_Apache_Config_or_htaccess_file\" >1. Open Apache Config or htaccess file<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#2_Set_Default_Encoding_to_UTF-8\" >2. Set Default Encoding to UTF-8<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#For_Specific_File_Types\" >For Specific File Types<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#For_Specific_Directory\" >For Specific Directory<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#3_Restart_Apache_Web_Server\" >3. Restart Apache Web Server<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-set-default-charset-to-utf-8-encoding-in-apache-using-htaccess\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Charset_in_Apache_Server\"><\/span>What is Charset in Apache Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Character set is a set of characters used by web server, or any program for that matter, to render data to users as well as exchange it with client web browsers. Once the default charset is set, Apache will specify the charset in response headers so that web browsers can easily decode the information. Otherwise, they will need to guess it which may cause errors. Please note, Apache does not encode the information sent to client browsers. Here is an example of response header set by Apache server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Content-Type: text\/html; charset=utf8<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This information is only to inform the web browser about encoding. Apache, or any server for that matter, does not check or convert any data. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_Set_Default_Charset_to_UTF-8\"><\/span>Why Set Default Charset to UTF-8<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Some character sets such as ASCII support only a small set of symbols, whereas other character sets such as UTF-8 support a vast range of symbols. If your website or app contains non-English characters then ASCII or ISO-8859-1 will not be sufficient. In such cases, it is advisable to set default charset to UTF-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also, since Apache uses ISO-8859-1 encoding by default, it will add the following header in each response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Content-Type: text\/html; charset=iso-8859-1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If this does not match the encoding of actual data present in server response, the web browser will simply  display the information based on the response header it receives from Apache. For example, if the default character encoding on your Apache server is ISO-8859-1 and it sends certain non-English characters in response then web browsers will wrongly render them using ISO-8859-1 encoding, instead of using UTF-8 encoding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_To_Set_Default_Charset_to_UTF-8_Encoding_in_Apache\"><\/span>How To Set Default Charset to UTF-8 Encoding in Apache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are the steps to set default charset to UTF-8 encoding in Apache using htaccess.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Open_Apache_Config_or_htaccess_file\"><\/span>1. Open Apache Config or htaccess file<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We will need to use AddDefaultCharset for our purpose. You can add it to either Apache config file, or .htaccess file. If you have access to Apache config file then first take its backup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo cp \/etc\/apache2\/httpd.conf \/etc\/apache2\/httpd-backup.conf<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Open the config file in a text editor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo vi \/etc\/apache2\/httpd.conf<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you do not have access to Apache config file, then open .htaccess file. In this case, before proceeding, please enable mod_rewrite (.htaccess) in your Apache web server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Open .htaccess file, typically located at \/var\/www\/html\/.htaccess<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo vi \/var\/www\/html\/.htaccess<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Set_Default_Encoding_to_UTF-8\"><\/span>2. Set Default Encoding to UTF-8<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We will need to use AddDefaultCharset directive in Apache server to set default encoding. Add the following to Apache config file or .htaccess file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">AddDefaultCharset UTF-8<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This will be applicable for all files served by Apache web server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"For_Specific_File_Types\"><\/span>For Specific File Types<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to apply UTF-8 encoding only for specific file types, use the <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.askapache.com\/htaccess\/using-filesmatch-and-files-in-htaccess\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">filesMatch<\/a><\/em> directive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">&lt;filesMatch \"\\.(html|css|js|txt|php)$\"&gt;<br>   AddDefaultCharset UTF-8<br>   DefaultLanguage en-US<br>&lt;\/filesMatch&gt;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Alternatively, you can add the following line to do the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">AddCharset utf-8 .html .css .php .txt .js<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"For_Specific_Directory\"><\/span>For Specific Directory<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you do not want to change character encoding for your entire website, but only for a specific directory and its contents, then create .htaccess file in it and add AddDefaultCharset to it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Restart_Apache_Web_Server\"><\/span>3. Restart Apache Web Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Restart Apache web server to apply changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo service apache2 restart<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it. The default character encoding on your website will be changed to UTF8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, we have learnt how to set default character encoding in Apache server. You can add the AddDefaultChartset directive to either Apache config file or .htaccess file, depending on your requirement. Please note, if you add AddDefaultCharset to Apache config file, it will apply the changes to all websites and virtual hosts that are running on the server. If you want to limit the impact of this change, then create .htaccess file in the directory where you want to set charset encoding and then add this directive. This will apply the change only to the web root folder or directory where .htaccess file is located.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ubiq.co\/\">Ubiq<\/a>&nbsp;makes it easy to visualize data in minutes, and monitor in real-time dashboards.&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/ubiq.co\/accounts\/register\">Try it<\/a>&nbsp;Today!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also Read : <br><a href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-change-default-index-page-in-apache\/\">How to Change Default Index Page<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-change-default-timezone-in-apache-php\/\">How to Change Default Time Zone in PHP<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/how-to-install-mod_security-on-centos-7\/\">How to Install mod_security in CentOS<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Apache allows you to set default charset to UTF8 encoding. Here are the steps to set default charset to UTF-8 encoding in Apache.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2436,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[239,240],"class_list":["post-2424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apache","tag-default-charset","tag-utf8-encoding"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How To Set Default Charset to UTF-8 Encoding in Apache - Ubiq BI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Apache allows you to set default charset to UTF8 encoding. 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