{"id":1551,"date":"2020-09-03T06:06:28","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T06:06:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/?p=1551"},"modified":"2025-09-30T04:27:42","modified_gmt":"2025-09-30T04:27:42","slug":"nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/","title":{"rendered":"NGINX SSL Configuration Step by Step Details"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>NGINX SSL Configuration allows you to enable HTTPS on your websites and protect them from malicious attacks. Today every website administrator needs to protect their site from data theft, unauthorized access and other attacks. SSL certificates provide one of the best ways to secure your site. They encrypt the data transferred between web browser and server. Here&#8217;s a step by step NGINX SSL configuration to help you secure your websites.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#How_to_Configure_SSL_Certificates_in_NGINX_Web_Server\" >How to Configure SSL Certificates in NGINX Web Server<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#1_Generate_CSR_for_SSL_Certificate\" >1. Generate CSR for SSL Certificate<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#2_Get_SSL_Certificate\" >2. Get SSL Certificate<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#3_Link_SSL_Files\" >3. Link SSL Files<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#4_Open_NGINX_Configuration\" >4. Open NGINX Configuration<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#5_Configure_SSL_certificate_in_NGINX\" >5. Configure SSL certificate in NGINX<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#6_Restart_NGINX_Server\" >6. Restart NGINX Server<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#7_Test_NGINX_SSL_Configuration\" >7. Test NGINX SSL Configuration<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#Common_Problems\" >Common Problems<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/nginx-ssl-configuration-step-step-details\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_Configure_SSL_Certificates_in_NGINX_Web_Server\"><\/span>How to Configure SSL Certificates in NGINX Web Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Here are the steps to configure SSL certificates in NGINX web server.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Generate_CSR_for_SSL_Certificate\"><\/span>1. Generate CSR for SSL Certificate<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>First you need to generate a certificate signing request (CSR) to obtain SSL certificate. For this purpose, you can use OpenSSL utility present in almost every Linux system by default. Open terminal and run the following command to generate the CSR.<\/p>\n<pre>openssl req \u2013new \u2013newkey rsa:2048 \u2013nodes \u2013keyout private.key \u2013out <span class=\"blue-bold\">server<\/span>.csr<\/pre>\n<p>When you run the above command, you will be prompted a set of questions. Among them, enter your website&#8217;s full domain for FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). You will also be asked for your organization name and its location such as city, state, etc. When asked for passphrase, press enter without typing anything else, to keep the passphrase blank.<\/p>\n<p>Your CSR will be stored in server.csr file. Your private key will be stored in private.key file. Keep it safe with you and do not share it with anyone. You will need to point your NGINX server to this file, in later steps below.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Get_SSL_Certificate\"><\/span>2. Get SSL Certificate<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Next, use the above generated CSR file to get the SSL\/TLS certificate bundle from your certificate authority such as Namecheap, RapidSSL, Comodo, GoDadddy, Let&#8217;s Encrypt, etc. You can also use a free SSL provider like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sslforfree.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SSLForFree<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>You will get 3 files from certificate authority via email or by logging into their website.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>key (e.g private.key) \u2013 your key file. Don&#8217;t share this with anyone publicly<\/li>\n<li>Certificate (e.g certificate.crt) \u2013 actual SSL\/TLS certificate for your domain<\/li>\n<li>Intermediate (e.g intermediate.crt) \u2013 Root\/intermediate certificate<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bonus Read : <a href=\"http:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/prevent-image-hotlinking-nginx\/\">How to Prevent Image Hotlinking in NGINX<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Link_SSL_Files\"><\/span>3. Link SSL Files<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Create a directory to store the above-mentioned files<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo mkdir \/etc\/nginx\/ssl\n$ cd \/etc\/nginx\/ssl\n<\/pre>\n<p>Download the three SSL files mentioned in step 2 to the above directory.<\/p>\n<p>In some cases, you may need to link the certificate and intermediate files to create a bundle.crt file. You can do this with the following command.<\/p>\n<pre>cat certificate.crt intermediate.crt &gt;&gt; bundle.crt\n<\/pre>\n<p>Bonus Read : <a href=\"http:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/harden-nginx-server\/\">How to Harden NGINX Server<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Open_NGINX_Configuration\"><\/span>4. Open NGINX Configuration<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Open terminal and run the following command to open NGINX server configuration file.<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo vi \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\n<\/pre>\n<p>If you have configured separate virtual hosts for your website (e.g www.example.com), such as \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/example.conf then open its configuration with the following command<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo vi\u00a0\/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/example.conf<\/pre>\n<p>Bonus Read : <a href=\"http:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/setup-nginx-virtual-hosts-centos\/\">How to Setup Virtual Hosts in NGINX<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Configure_SSL_certificate_in_NGINX\"><\/span>5. Configure SSL certificate in NGINX<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Create a server block that listens to port 443 (HTTPS port)<\/p>\n<pre>server {\n    listen 443;\n    ssl on;\n    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;\n    ssl_certificate \/etc\/nginx\/ssl\/bundle.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key \/etc\/nginx\/ssl\/private.key;\n    ...\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>In the above configuration, the first line will ensure that NGINX server listens to port 443. The second line will enable SSL.<\/p>\n<p>The next line specifies the SSL protocols to be supported by NGINX. For our example, we have enabled TLS version 1, version 1.1 and 1.2. You can change it as per your requirement.<\/p>\n<p>The next two lines specify the file paths to bundle.crt file created in Step 2 and private.key downloaded in step 1. Here&#8217;s a sample <em>server <\/em>block for your reference<\/p>\n<pre>server {\n    listen 443;\n    ssl on;\n    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;\n    ssl_certificate \/etc\/nginx\/ssl\/bundle.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key \/etc\/nginx\/ssl\/private.key;\n\n    server_name www.example.com;\n    access_log \/path\/to\/nginx\/accces\/log\/file;\n    error_log \/path\/to\/nginx\/error\/log\/file;\n\n    location \/ {\n        root  \/var\/www\/html\/yoursite\/;\n        index  index.html;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n<p>If you want to <a href=\"https:\/\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/change-nginx-port-number-ubuntu\/\">change NGINX port<\/a> to run HTTPS on another port, you can do so by replacing 443 in above configuration to another port number of your choice. This will make your service more secure by making it difficult for hackers and bots to guess the port number.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Restart_NGINX_Server\"><\/span>6. Restart NGINX Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Finally, run the following command to check syntax of your updated config file.<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo nginx -t\n<\/pre>\n<p>If there are no errors, run the following command to restart NGINX server.<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo service nginx reload #debian\/ubuntu\n$ systemctl restart nginx #redhat\/centos\n<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Test_NGINX_SSL_Configuration\"><\/span>7. Test NGINX SSL Configuration<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Open a browser and visit <strong>https:\/\/<\/strong> version of your domain (e.g https:\/\/www.example.com).<\/p>\n<p>You will see a lock symbol next to your URL, in browser\u2019s address bar, indicating that your website\u2019s SSL\/TLS certificate is working properly.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-873 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ubiq.co\/tech-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/example.png?resize=560%2C75\" alt=\"example.com https ssl tls\" width=\"560\" height=\"75\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Hopefully, now you can configure SSL certificate in NGINX for Ubuntu as well as other Linux systems.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Problems\"><\/span>Common Problems<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Here are some of the common reasons why your SSL certificate installation may not work correctly.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>When you access your site&#8217;s URLs via HTTPS protocol, if your web browser says that the site is not available or reachable, then either NGINX server is not listening to port 443. In this case, you need to add &#8216;listen 443&#8217; directive in your server block, where you have mentioned the location of SSL certificate.<\/li>\n<li>Alternatively, your firewall may have blocked port 443. In this case, update firewall rules to allow incoming traffic to port 443.<\/li>\n<li>If web browser displays the message saying the certificate cannot be trusted, then check certificate details by clicking on the icon to the left of requested URL in address bar. Look for &#8216;Valid To&#8217; field to determine expiry date. Sometimes you may also get this error if you have not correctly combined certificate files in step #3. In this case, delete the combined file, create it again, restart NGINX server and try accessing your URL once again.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In this article, we have learnt about NGINX SSL Configuration to help you install SSL certificates in NGINX. It is mandatory to use SSL certificates on your website to protect your site&#8217;s data from unauthorized activities such as snooping. They are also useful in improving search engine rankings. Sites without SSL certificates are ranked lower than those with SSL. Therefore, it is advisable to install SSL certificates on your web server.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ubiq.co\/\">Ubiq<\/a>\u00a0makes it easy to visualize data in minutes, and monitor in real-time dashboards.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ubiq.co\/accounts\/register\">Try it<\/a> today!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NGINX SSL Configuration allows you to enable HTTPS on your websites and apps. Here is a step by step NGINX SSL configuration for your website.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1557,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[134],"class_list":["post-1551","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nginx","tag-ssl-configuration"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>NGINX SSL Configuration Step by Step Details - Ubiq BI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"NGINX SSL Configuration allows you to enable HTTPS on your websites and apps. 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